From building permit to occupancy: the 8 stages of a construction project

Which steps does a residential project go through, from land purchase to the occupancy permit? Process, durations and what to watch at each stage.

For most people building a home for the first time, or wanting to develop their land, the construction process looks unclear. In fact every project goes through a fixed sequence of steps. Here are the stages of a typical residential project in İzmir.

1. Zoning status and land analysis

The zoning certificate obtained from the municipality shows how many storeys, at what floor area ratio and with what setbacks you may build. The real value of the land becomes clear with this document.

2. Soil survey

The geological and geotechnical survey determines the foundation type and the dimensions of the structural system. In seismic regions like İzmir no design can be made without this report.

3. Architectural, structural and services design

The architectural design starts as a preliminary design; after the client's approval the structural, mechanical and electrical designs are prepared. This stage usually takes 1-2 months.

4. Building permit

Designs are submitted to the municipality, fees are paid, a building inspection company is assigned and the permit is issued. Construction must start within 2 years of the permit date and be completed within 5 years.

5. Structural works

Excavation, foundations, reinforced concrete frame, walls and roof. Every concrete pour is supervised by the building inspector and samples are tested in a laboratory. About 4-6 months for a three-storey building.

6. Finishing works

Plaster, screed, insulation, installations, joinery, tiling, painting, kitchen and bathroom. This is where quality is felt most and takes the longest: 4-8 months.

7. External works

Retaining walls, garden wall, landscaping, parking and outdoor lighting. The visible face of the project is completed here.

8. Occupancy permit

After the building inspector's completion report the municipality checks the building against the design and issues the occupancy permit. Without it, permanent electricity and water subscriptions cannot be opened and condominium ownership cannot be established. That is why we always plan hand-over together with the occupancy permit.

For questions about the process contact us; we will prepare a roadmap based on the stage your project is at.